Tesi su Docp e ritardo mentale

[stellacadente87]

salve a tutti sono nuova da qste parti....e sono in crisi con la tesi...
avrei tanto bisogno del vostro aiuto! l'argomento sarebbe il docp in individui con ritardi mentali...ma il materiale praticamente non esiste oppure io sono incapace nella ricerca! potete per favore darmi qualche dritta su dove cercare???? grazieeee milleeeeeeeee a tuttiiiiiiii

[willy61]

Ciao

Per DOCP cosa intendi? Disturbo Ossessivo Compulsivo di Personalità?

Se è così, ti do i link ai 14 articoli che ho trovato. Non tutti ti potranno essere utile, ma devo dire che hai scelto un argomento difficile, sul quale di letteratura ce n'è pochina.

Review of serotonergic agents and perseverative behavior in patients with developmental disabilities.
By: Aman, Michael G.; Arnold, L. Eugene; Armstrong, Sharon C.. Mental Retardation & Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 1999, Vol. 5 Issue 4, p279-289, 11p Abstract: Studies of blood serotonin concentrations in autism and mental retardation suggest a possible dysfunction of serotonin in substantial proportions of patients. Clomipramine (CMI) and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are documented as effective in managing obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms as well as depression. Some workers construe perseverative behavior as a variant of OCD and certain forms of self-injury as a symptom of underlying depression or OCD, leading to extensive use of these agents in autism and mental retardation. CMI and the SSRIs share common features in terms of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and side effects, but they also have important differences. To date there have been at least 14 reports of CMI use and at least 33 reports of SSRI use to manage perseverative behavior in patients with developmental disabilities. The large majority of these reports suggest beneficial effects on perseverative behavior, but most are case reports or uncontrolled studies. The existing literature suggests that practitioners may use these serotonergic agents on an experimental basis to manage repetitive behaviors in this population. However, properly controlled studies are needed to (a) assess clinical efficacy more objectively; (b) evaluate patient characteristics (age, diagnosis, type of perseverative behavior) in relation to response; (c) compare differential response to these agents; (d) examine dose–response relationships; (e) assess any moderating effect of IQ; and (f) determine whether baseline serotonin profiles predict treatment outcome. MRDD Research Reviews 1999;5:279–289. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] (AN 11782016)


Appetitive behavior, compulsivity, and neurochemistry in Prader-Willi syndrome.
By: Dimitropoulos, A.; Feurer, I. D.; Roof, E.; Stone, W.; Butler, M. G.; Sutcliffe, J.; Thompson, T.. Mental Retardation & Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 2000, Vol. 6 Issue 2, p125-130, 6p Abstract: Advances in genetic research have led to an increased understanding of genotype-phenotype relationships. Excessive eating and weight gain characteristic of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) have been the understandable focus of much of the research. The intense preoccupation with food, lack of satiation, and incessant food seeking are among the most striking features of PWS. It has become increasingly clear that the behavioral phenotype of PWS also includes symptoms similar to obsessive compulsive disorder, which in all probability interact with the incessant hunger and lack of satiation to engender the intense preoccupation and food seeking behavior that is characteristic of this disorder. Several lines of evidence suggest that genetic material on chromosome 15 may alter synthesis, release, metabolism, binding, intrinsic activity, or reuptake of specific neurotransmitters, or alter the receptor numbers and/or distribution involved in modulating feeding. Among the likely candidates are GABAnergic, serotonergic, and neuropeptidergic mechanisms. This review summarizes what is known about the appetitive behavior and compulsivity in PWS and discusses the possible mechanisms underlying these behaviors. MRDD Research Reviews 2000;6:125-130. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] (AN 11782037)

Effects of DRL and DRL combined with response cost on perseverative verbal behavior of an adult with mental retardation and obsessive compulsive disorder.
By: Kostinas, George; Scandlen, Alison; Luiselli, James K.. Behavioral Interventions, Jan2001, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p27-37, 11p, 1 graph Abstract: Although there has been increased interest in the identification and diagnosis of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in people who have developmental disabilities, clinical research has been reported infrequently. The present single-case study evaluated the effects from systematic behavioral intervention with a 26-year-old man who had moderate mental retardation, OCD, and exhibited perseverative verbalizations. Verbalizations were reduced when the man gained access to preferred activities contingent upon a low response frequency (DRL: differential reinforcement of low-rate responding). The behavior was reduced further when a DRL contingency was implemented in the form of a response cost procedure. The implications of these findings for the treatment of OCD in people with developmental disabilities are discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] (AN 11818602)

Academic Journal

Psychiatric Disorders in Prader-Willi Syndrome: Epidemiology and Management.
By: Dykens, Elisabeth; Shah, Bhavik. CNS Drugs, 2003, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p167-178, 12p, 2 charts Abstract: Although people with intellectual disabilities are at increased risk for psychiatric disorders, the type and rate of these problems differ between those with different causes for their retardation. In this paper, we review behavioural and psychiatric problems in persons with Prader-Willi syndrome, a disorder caused by a paternally derived deletion at chromosome 15(q11-q13) in about 70% of affected patients, and by maternal uniparental disomy in the majority of the remaining patients. In addition to the syndrome’s characteristic hyperphagia and food seeking, individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome also have increased risks of nonfood, compulsive behaviours. These include skin picking, which is highly prevalent, as well as more variable rates of hoarding, redoing and concerns with symmetry, exactness, cleanliness, ordering and arranging. Relative to others with mental retardation, persons with Prader-Willi syndrome are at a marked increased risk for developing full-blown, obsessive-compulsive disorder. In addition, many people with Prader-Willi syndrome show increased rates of tantrums, oppositionality and aggression. Recent findings suggest that they also have an increased risk of psychotic disorder or affective illness with a psychotic component, especially young adult patients and those with the maternal uniparental disomy as opposed to paternal deletion. Dietary approaches include a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity, as well as close supervision around food and keeping food locked away. To date, neither CNS stimulants nor anorectic agents have been effective in treating hyperphagia, in part because hyperphagia in Prader-Willi syndrome is attributed to decreased satiation as opposed to increased hunger. Treatment for compulsivity and maladaptive behaviours include: behavioural programming; a structured, predictable routine; extra help with transitions; family support; and pharmacotherapy. Although formal drug studies have yet to be conducted, SSRIs have been effective in reducing skin picking, compulsivity and aggressive episodes in some individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome. Atypical antipsychotics have also proven helpful in persons with psychotic features or extreme aggression and impulsivity. Largely on the basis of case studies, the risks and benefits of these and other drugs in Prader-Willi syndrome are reviewed. Drug trials that move beyond case studies and that assess the relative efficacy of behavioural treatments alone or in combination with pharmacotherapy are sorely needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] (AN 9243136)

Diagnostic Criteria for Psychiatric Disorders for Use with Adults with Learning Disabilities/Mental Retardation (DC-LD) and the diagnosis of anxiety disorders: a review.
By: Bailey, N. M.; Andrews, T. M.. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Sep2003 Supplement 1, Vol. 47, p50-61, 12p Abstract: Abstract Background/Methods During the development of Diagnostic Criteria for Psychiatric Disorders for Use with Adults with Learning Disabilities [DC-LD] a literature review of diagnostic issues in anxiety disorders in adults with intellectual disability (ID) was undertaken using electronic and hand searching of journals. Results Relevant general concepts in the general population are reviewed briefly before those related specifically to adults with ID. The literature relating to the diagnosis of specific anxiety disorders is reviewed, although with the exception of obsessive compulsive disorder this consists mainly of case reports. Difficulties in the use of diagnostic systems developed for the general population for the diagnosis of anxiety disorders in adults with ID are frequently commented upon. Conclusions It is concluded that anxiety disorders are well recognized in adults with ID, although their prevalence is uncertain, and that the use of modified diagnostic criteria may aid further research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2788.47.s1.25.x (AN 10944886)

Ask the Editor.
By: McDougle, Christopher J.. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, Oct2005, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p687-688, 2p Abstract: This article addresses a question about considering a medicine to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder in a child with autism and mental retardation. Treatment interventions should be considered if the behavior is interfering with the child's quality of life. It is important to speak to a behavior therapist, who is involved in the treatment, about developing a strategy to reduce the interfering behavior. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors has been shown to be effective for reducing interfering repetitive thoughts and behavior in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder. DOI: 10.1007/s10803-005-0013-x (AN 20349043)

Academic Journal

Repetitive and ritualistic behaviour in children with Prader–Willi syndrome and children with autism.
By: Greaves, N.; Prince, E.; Evans, D. W.; Charman, T.. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Feb2006, Vol. 50 Issue 2, p92-100, 9p, 3 charts Abstract: Background Recent research has shown that the range of repetitive behaviour seen in individuals with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) extends beyond food-related behaviour. Methods The presence and intensity of repetitive, rigid and routinized behaviour in children with PWS was compared with that seen in children with another neurodevelopmental condition in which repetitive behaviour is common: children with autism. Parents completed the Childhood Routines Inventory (CRI). Results Contrary to our predictions, controlling for developmental level, children with PWS and children with autism showed similar levels of repetitive and ritualistic behaviour overall and on the two CRI factors measuring ‘just right’ and ‘repetitive’ behaviour. Indeed, the majority of the sample of parents of children with PWS endorsed most items on the CRI. However there was some specificity at the level of individual items with parents of children with PWS more frequently endorsing an item on ‘collecting and storing objects’ and parents of children with autism more frequently endorsing ‘lining up objects’, ‘has a strong preference for certain foods’ and ‘seems aware of detail at home’. Conclusions These findings confirm the range of repetitive behaviours that form part of the behavioural phenotype of PWS, including insistence on sameness and ‘just right’ behaviours, and uncover a surprising overlap with those seen in children with autism. Clinical management for children with PWS should include advice and education regarding management of repetitive and rigid behaviour. Future research should investigate whether the repetitive behaviours that form part of the behavioural phenotype of both PWS and autism are associated with a common neuropsychological, neurotransmitter or genetic origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00726.x (AN 19320478)

Reducing hoarding behavior with individualized reinforcement and item return.
By: Berry, Cynthia L.; Schell, R. M.. Behavioral Interventions, Apr2006, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p123-135, 13p, 2 graphs Abstract: Treatment research on hoarding is generally limited to people without intellectual disabilities who have symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder and respond favorably to cognitive-based therapies. We evaluated the effects of individualized reinforcement and item return procedures on hoarding behavior in a multiple baseline across three persons with severe mental retardation. Systematic preference assessment procedures identified items used in the individualized reinforcement procedures. Reductions in hoarding behavior occurred for each person when individualized treatment and item return procedures were applied. These reductions were maintained when direct support staff were trained to provide treatment. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.1002/bin.214 (AN 20352494)

A Case–Control Study of Personality Style and Psychopathology in Parents of Subjects with Autism.
By: Bölte, Sven; Knecht, Susan; Poustka, Fritz. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, Feb2007, Vol. 37 Issue 2, p243-250, 8p, 3 charts Abstract: To probe the specificity of traits that might be conceptualised as the broader phenotype of autism, parents of subjects with autism from simplex and multiplex families as well as parents of subjects with obsessive–compulsive disorders (OCD), early onset schizophrenia (EOS) and mental retardation (MR) were assessed using the Personality Style and Disorder Inventory and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. Autism parents’ scores were increased on several subscales (e.g. reserved/schizoid, depression) compared to parents of subjects with OCD, EOS and normative data, but not in comparison to MR parents. Results provide some support for the specificity of the broader phenotype of autism. The burden of raising severely disabled children could not be ruled out as a factor influencing parts of this phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.1007/s10803-006-0165-3 (AN 24151673)

Skin-Picking in Individuals with Prader-Willi Syndrome: Prevalence, Functional Assessment, and its Comorbidity with Compulsive and Self-Injurious Behaviours.
By: Didden, Robert; Korzilius, Hubert; Curfs, Leopold M. G.. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, Sep2007, Vol. 20 Issue 5, p409-419, 11p, 5 charts Abstract: Background Individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) are at increased risk for mental health and behaviour problems, such as skin-picking and compulsive behaviours. Prevalence and functional assessment of skin-picking, and its association with compulsive behaviour and self-injury, were investigated in a large group of individuals with PWS ( n = 119). Materials and Methods Data on demographic characteristics, skin-picking and compulsive and self-injurious behaviours were collected by questionnaires. Behavioural function of skin-picking was assessed by administering the Questions About Behavioral Function scale. Results Skin-picking was found in 86% of the sample, and correlated positively with compulsive behaviours. No associations were found between skin-picking and other variables. Functional assessment suggest that in most cases (i.e. 70%) skin-picking primarily had non-social functions. Conclusions Skin-picking and compulsive behaviours are common in PWS. In most cases, skin-picking may be maintained by contingent arousal reduction. Controlled studies on behavioural treatment are lacking. Implications for treatment selection are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3148.2007.00388.x (AN 26293907)

Differential patterns of lifetime multiple anxiety disorder comorbidity between Latino adults with bipolar I and major depressive disorders.

Anxiety Disorders in Persons with Developmental Disabilities: Empirically Informed Diagnosis and Treatment.

Helping compulsive hoarders.
Harvard Mental Health Letter, Dec2009, Vol. 26 Issue 6, p6-7, 2p Abstract: The article discusses the ways on how to intervene compulsive hoarding. It states that this type of disorder has been traditionally regarded as a subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in which 25% to 30% of the patients with OCD develop hoarding behaviors. The symptoms of the disease can develop in patients with autism, schizophrenia, dementia, mental retardation, and even healthy people. (AN 45142256)

Buona vita
Guglielmo

[stellacadente87]

grazie mille sei stato gentilissimo!!!
si hai ragione..l'argomento è difficile...ma la prof mi ha detto di trovare qualcosa di molto specifico nel disturbo ossessivo compulsivo e mi è venuto in mente questo,perchè avevo un "caso clinico"di questa specifica patologia....se no non sapevo proprio a cosa collegarlo!un'altra patologia??? cmq grazie mille davverooooo

[bamby833]

salve a tutti sono nuova da qste parti....e sono in crisi con la tesi...
avrei tanto bisogno del vostro aiuto! l'argomento sarebbe il docp in individui con ritardi mentali...ma il materiale praticamente non esiste oppure io sono incapace nella ricerca! potete per favore darmi qualche dritta su dove cercare???? grazieeee milleeeeeeeee a tuttiiiiiiii

ciao io sto come te
devo fare una tesi sul perfezionismo nel docp.
nel frattempo hai provato sulla banca tesi dell'univ?!?!

[stellacadente87]

oi ciao bamby...io ho cambiato argomento perchè non riuscivo a trovare il materiale suff..allora ho parlato a lungo con la mia prof ed insieme abbiamo deciso di farla sui disturbi sessuali....speriamo bene! in bocca al lupo cmq per la tuaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa