qualcuno/a mi da una mano?

[rockermind]

ciao a tutti!
l'argomento che ho scelto x la tesi è "il corpo e la pubblicità" (tesi psicoanalitica)
attualmente i testi che ho guardato sono:
"il corpo" e "psiche e techne" entrambi di Galimberti.
ho pensato anke al "disagio delle civiltà"di Freud...ma nn so ancora.

sapete consigliarmi altro?

[lauramir]

Prova anche qualcosa di Lacan, è dificile, ma si incentra molto sulla corporeità.

[willy61]

Add AddedLifting the curtain on the Wizard of Oz: Biased voice-based impressions of speaker size. Rendall, Drew; Vokey, John R.; Nemeth, Christie; Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, Vol 33(5), Oct 2007. pp. 1208-1219. [Journal Article] Abstract: The consistent, but often wrong, impressions people form of the size of unseen speakers are not random but rather point to a consistent misattribution bias, one that the advertising, broadcasting, and entertainment industries also routinely exploit. The authors report 3 experiments examining the perceptual basis of this bias. The results indicate that, under controlled experimental conditions, listeners can make relative size distinctions between male speakers using reliable cues carried in voice formant frequencies (resonant frequencies, or timbre) but that this ability can be perturbed by discordant voice fundamental frequency (F-sub-0, or pitch) differences between speakers. The authors introduce 3 accounts for the perceptual pull that voice F-sub-0 can exert on our routine (mis)attributions of speaker size and consider the role that voice F-sub-0 plays in additional voice-based attributions that may or may not be reliable but that have clear size connotations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved)

MEDIA LITERACY AS AN EDUCATIONAL METHOD FOR ADDRESSING COLLEGE WOMEN'S BODY IMAGE ISSUES. By: Chambers, Karen L.; Alexander, Susan M.. Education, Summer2007, Vol. 127 Issue 4, p490-497, 8p Abstract: This study assesses the effectiveness of media literacy in the college classroom by comparing two modalities of learning, watching a video versus reading a text. The research questions guiding this project are: as teachers can we facilitate critical awareness among our students in order to alter the way women appropriate media images to evaluate themselves and others? As educators, can we intervene in the "recruitment process" (Bruinberg (2002) phase of eating disorders thus reducing unrealistic body images based upon media imagery? For this study, two specific measures of student learning were used: 1) students' retention of specific factual information and 2) affective changes in students' current body images and ideal body images. Seventy-five, female college students participated in the experimental conditions by either watching a video (Kilbourne, 1995) or reading an article (Kilbourne, 1994) on the relationship between media images and eating disorders. The findings suggest that both text and video are equally useful pedagogical tools for teaching students about specific content information. Furthermore, the video produced a positive affective change in the current body image. This study suggests that even limited exposure to critical media analysis in the college classroom enhances student learning with regard to body image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] (AN 25607623)

Beginning to Begin. By: Foxhall, Kathryn. American Journal of Public Health, Dec2006, Vol. 96 Issue 12, p2106-2112, 7p, 2bw; Abstract: This article discusses the epidemic of obesity in the United States and whether or not American citizens have made any progress since the initial Surgeon General's report. The article discusses individual states that have passed or considered legislation regarding nutrition and the focus in schools to teach nutrition and health. Also discussed is how advertising has had an impact on the opinion of Americans who have already leveled off from purchasing artificial sweeteners due to the known health risks. DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2006, 0956891 (AN 23413747)

Beauty in the "I" of the Beholder: Effects of Idealized Media Portrayals on Implicit Self-Image. By: Gurari, Inbal; Hetts, John J.; Strube, Michael J. Basic & Applied Social Psychology, Sep2006, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p273-282, 10p, 1 chart, 4 graphs Abstract: To explore whether implicit self-evaluations (ISEs) and explicit self-evaluations (ESEs) are differentially susceptible to influence, both were measured after exposure to images of beauty in magazine advertisements or to control advertisements containing no body images. As predicted, female participants' ESEs and body-images were unaffected by idealized images of beauty. However, exposure to such images (as compared to control ads) led to a reduction in the association between beauty and the 3 primed identities (self, in-group, and gender) as well as a reduction in the quantity of snack food consumed while awaiting completion of the study. Together, these findings support the hypothesis that women may not as easily correct for, or protect against, inappropriate social comparisons and other threats to the self on the implicit level, at least in the domain of attractiveness. Moreover, previous research suggesting small effects of advertising's portrayal of women may have underestimated such effects by relying primarily on explicit, self-report measures of body image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.1207/s15324834basp2803_6 (AN 22298066)

CAN THE MEDIA AFFECT US? SOCIAL COMPARISON, SELF-DISCREPANCY, AND THE THIN IDEAL. By: Bessenoff, Gayle R.. Psychology of Women Quarterly, Sep2006, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p239-251, 13p, 3 charts, 2 diagrams Abstract: The current study explored body image self-discrepancy as moderator and social comparison as mediator in the effects on women from thin-ideal images in the media. Female undergraduates ( N= 112) with high and low body image self-discrepancy were exposed to advertisements either with thin women (thin ideal) or without thin women (neutral-advertisement control). Exposure to thin-ideal advertisements increased body dissatisfaction, negative mood, and levels of depression and lowered self-esteem. In addition, social comparison processes mediated the relationship between exposure to thin-ideal advertisements and negative self-directed effects. Notably, self-discrepancy moderated this mediation. Women with high levels of body image self-discrepancy were more likely to engage in social comparison from exposure to thin-ideal advertisements, as well as more likely to have those comparison processes induce self-directed negative consequences. This research provides support for an individual difference variable (body image self-discrepancy) that moderates the mediating effect of social comparison from exposure to thin-ideal media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2006.00292.x (AN 21796437)

Food industry and health: mostly promises, little action. By: Nestle, Marion. Lancet, 8/12/2006, Vol. 368 Issue 9535, p564-565, 2p, 1 chart; Abstract: The article reports that food policy analysts at City University, London, UK have found that pharmaceutical companies are doing little to address obesity and improve the nutritional quality of their products. Food corporations state that they bear responsibility for public health but do little to act on that responsibility. The researchers answered 28 questions about food companies' health policy, including if they had specific policies on children and advertising, portion size and sugar content. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69177-0 (AN 21896094)

Exposure to Male Models in Advertisements Leads to a Decrease in Men's Body Satisfaction. By: Baird, Amy L.; Grieve, Frederick G.. North American Journal of Psychology, 2006, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p115-121, 7p Abstract: This study was designed to examine the effect of exposure to male models in advertisements on men's body satisfaction. Participants were 173 college males that were recruited from introductory psychology courses. Participants were assessed using the Body Assessment (BA), Magazine Advertisement Questionnaire (MAQ), and one of two sets of magazine advertisements that consisted of either clothing or. cologne products, or those same products featured with a male model. Participants who viewed advertisements with male models showed an increase in body dissatisfaction, while those who viewed only products demonstrated no change in body dissatisfaction. The importance of this finding is that the body dissatisfaction experienced through exposure to idealized images of men in the media is only the beginning of possible outcomes such as anabolic steroid use, eating disorders, and muscle dysmorphia. Limitations and suggestions for continued research are discussed.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] (AN 20451952)

COGNITIVE RESPONSES TO IDEALIZED MEDIA IMAGES OF WOMEN: THE RELATIONSHIP OF SOCIAL COMPARISON AND CRITICAL PROCESSING TO BODY IMAGE DISTURBANCE IN COLLEGE WOMEN. By: Engeln-Maddox, Renee. Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology, Dec2005, Vol. 24 Issue 8, p1114-1138, 25p Abstract: This study explored college women's cognitive processing of print advertisements featuring images of highly attractive female models. The relationship of counterarguing (critical processing) and social comparison in response to these images with a number of body image-related variables was examined. Participants were 202 undergraduate females. Research was conducted in two phases. In one phase, participants wrote their thoughts in response to three advertisements taken from recent women's magazines. In the second phase, women completed a number of self-report measures focusing on body image, along with a number of distracter measures. Results suggest that making negative outcome, upward social comparisons in response to such images is significantly associated with greater internalization of the thin ideal and decreased satisfaction with one's own appearance. Despite predictions that counterarguing might act as a protective factor, the tendency to generate counterarguments in response to these images was not related to appearance-related dissatisfaction, internalization of the media ideal, or importance of appearance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] (AN 19678857)

Body Image and Self-Esteem Among Adolescent Girls: Testing the Influence of Sociocultural Factors. By: Clay, Daniel; Vignoles, Vivian L.; Dittmar, Helga. Journal of Research on Adolescence (Blackwell Publishing Limited), Dec2005, Vol. 15 Issue 4, p451-477, 27p, 3 charts, 2 diagrams, 2 graphs Abstract: In Western cultures, girls' self-esteem declines substantially during middle adolescence, with changes in body image proposed as a possible explanation. Body image develops in the context of sociocultural factors, such as unrealistic media images of female beauty. In a study of 136 U.K. girls aged 11–16, experimental exposure to either ultra-thin or average-size magazine models lowered body satisfaction and, consequently, self-esteem. Self-esteem was also lower among older than among younger girls. Structural equation modeling showed that this age trend was partially accounted for by a corresponding downward trend in body satisfaction; this, in turn, was fully accounted for by upward age trends in awareness and internalization of sociocultural attitudes toward appearance, and in social comparison with media models. Results support calls for early educational interventions to help girls to deconstruct advertising and media images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2005.00107.x (AN 18942738)

The impact of advertisements featuring ultra-thin or average-size models on women with a history of eating disorders. By: Halliwell, Emma; Dittmar, Helga; Howe, Jessica. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, Sep/Oct2005, Vol. 15 Issue 5, p406-413, 8p Abstract: Previous research demonstrates that exposure to ultra-thin media models leads to increased body image concerns amongst women (Groesz, Levine, & Murnen, <BIBR>2002</BIBR>). There is emerging evidence that attractive, average-size models do not have this negative effect and can be effective in advertising (e.g. Halliwell & Dittmar, <BIBR>2004</BIBR>). The present study investigates these factors amongst women with a history of eating disorders. Participants either viewed advertisements featuring ultra-thin, average-size or control images. Immediately after exposure, they reported their body-focused anxiety and rated the effectiveness of the advertisements. Whereas exposure to ultra-thin models did not lead to increased body-focused anxiety, exposure to average-size models produced a relief effect, whereby women reported lower levels of body-focused anxiety. Advertisements featuring ultra-thin and average-size models were equally effective. The results suggest that average-size, attractive models could be used effectively in advertising, which may help to relieve body image concerns amongst these women. Copyright &#169; 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.1002/casp.831 (AN 18191732)

Add AddedNutritional Content of Foods Advertised During the Television Programs Children Watch Most. By: Harrison, Kristen; Marske, Amy L.. American Journal of Public Health, Sep2005, Vol. 95 Issue 9, p1568-1574, 7p, 2 charts, 2bw Abstract: Objectives. We sought to code food (nutritional content and food type and eating occasion) and character (cartoon and live action) attributes of food advertisements airing during television programs heavily viewed by children, and to represent and evaluate the nutritional content of advertised foods in terms of the nutrition facts label. Methods. Food advertisements (n=426) aimed at general and child audiences were coded for food and character attributes. "Nutrition Facts" label data for advertised foods (n=275) were then analyzed. Results. Convenience/fast foods and sweets comprised 83% of advertised foods. Snacktime eating was depicted more often than breakfast, lunch, and dinner combined. Apparent character body size was unrelated to eating behavior. A 2000-calorie diet of foods in the general-audience advertisements would exceed recommended daily values (RDVs) of total fat, saturated fat, and sodium. A similar diet of foods in the child-audience advertisements would exceed the sodium RDV and provide 171 g (nearly 1 cup) of added sugar. Conclusions. Snack, convenience, and fast foods and sweets continue to dominate food advertisements viewed by children. Advertised foods exceed RDVs of fat, saturated fat, and sodium, yet fail to provide RDVs of fiber and certain vitamins and minerals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.048058 (AN 18105797)

Assessment of sociocultural influences on the body shape model in adolescent males with anorexia nervosa. By: Toro, J.; Castro, J.; Gila, A.; Pombo, C.. European Eating Disorders Review, Sep/Oct2005, Vol. 13 Issue 5, p351-359, 9p, 5 charts Abstract: Objective To produce a questionnaire for the assessment of sociocultural influences on the male body shape model; to study the role of sociocultural influences in the development of anorexia nervosa in adolescent males; to compare the results obtained with those from a similar study conducted in adolescent females. Method The CIMEC (Questionnaire on Influences on Body Shape Model), validated in girls, was adapted to create the CIMEC-V, a version for the male population. The CIMEC-V was administered to 34 adolescent males with anorexia nervosa attending consecutively at an eating disorders unit and the EAT-26 to 26 of them. Both questionnaires were administered to 240 male subjects from the general population. Anthropometric measurements were also recorded for all subjects. Results The CIMEC-V correlated significantly with the EAT-26 (p<0.001), but not with BMI. The 17 items that yielded significant differences between patients and controls were used to produce the CIMEC-V-17. The factor analysis identified four factors; Influence of advertising and information accounted for most of the variance. The questionnaire's internal consistency was 0.80&#x2013;0.88. There were major differences in the results obtained by these male populations and the corresponding female populations. Discussion CIMEC-V and CIMEC-V-17 appear to be useful for the study of sociocultural influences on the body shape model in normal adolescent males and in those with eating disorders. In anorexic boys, the influence of conversations, magazine articles and advertisements may be greater than in anorexic girls. Anorexic boys present a contradiction: a desire for thinness on the one hand and for a muscular build on the other. Copyright &#169; 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] DOI: 10.1002/erv.650 (AN 18172074)

Cosmetic Surgery and Cosmetics: Redefining the Appearance of Age. By: Bayer, Kathryn. Generations, Fall2005, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p13-18, 6p; Abstract: The article analyzes ageism in relation with cosmetic surgery and cosmetics. It reflects that the apprehensions regarding the appearance of age last centuries. And the solutions and experiments to curb ageism also has a long history. Despite this the expansion of the influence of contemporary medicine into the management and reconstruction of the aging body's appearance is historically noteworthy. It opines that today's advertisements treat wrinkles and sagging as unacceptable signs of aging. It is treated as the manifestations, which is to be prevented and corrected. The article informs that many physicians have legitimized the cultural battle against aging, which means traditional cosmetic promotions and anti-aging quacks no longer act alone. It refers the book "The Wrinkle Cure" in which the dermatologist Nicholas Perricone asserts that wrinkled, sagging skin is a disease, one can fight against it. The author comments that such visually significant and unwelcome disease of aging can be combated through the use of nutrient-based, scientifically formulated cosmeceuticals. (AN 19399877)

Buona vita

Guglielmo

[rockermind]

grazie di cuore!